飞机热气防冰系统研究

介绍了飞机热气防冰系统的应用背景及基本结构，回顾了其发展历程及国内外研究现状.从防冰表面水滴撞击特性计算、蒙皮外部结冰/溢流水模型建立、热气防冰腔内部结构参数研究以及多物理场防冰表面内外耦合仿真这4个关键问题角度，分析了热气防冰系统的主要研究内容.分析表明:准确预测三维溢流冰形成过程、优化热气防冰腔内部结构参数、确定防冰安全边界和防冰裕度以及冰风洞防冰系统实验的参数缩比等关键研究点是热气防冰系统的发展趋势.      

Parameterized design of abort trajectories with a lunar flyby for a crewed mission

This article proposes an analytical preliminary design method for abort trajectory with a lunar flyby and the trajectory ergodic representation based on parameterization, as well as their application in studying the abort trajectories’ characteristics. First, by introducing two parameters, the perilune altitude and the perilune transfer time, the preliminary solution is developed parametrically using pseudostate theory to connect two special Lambert processes. The fast convergence of the improved differential correction under the high-fidelity gravity field verifies the accuracy of the proposed preliminary design method. Next, the two parameters are regarded as a set of variables to define an abort trajectory. Based on this, an ergodic representation of the abort trajectory with a certain abort time is yielded using the proposed design method, which offers a global view of the feasible abort trajectories. In addition, the influences of some factors on the performance of these abort trajectories are investigated based on the proposed design method and ergodic representation. The simulation results show that the abort time and the transfer time of the nominal trajectory significantly affect the ergodic representation and characteristics of the abort trajectory.     

航空发动机进口支板外部热气膜对水滴撞击特性的影响

设计了4种不同气膜缝角度的防护结构，发展并验证了基于欧拉法框架的水滴撞击算法，针对直径为20μm的过冷小水滴，定量分析了气膜缝角度和吹风比对支板壁面水滴撞击特性的影响规律.研究结果表明，外部热气膜射流对水滴有明显吹袭作用，导致壁面平均局部水收集系数和撞击极限减小，而且气膜缝开孔位置越靠近支板前缘，吹袭水滴效果越明显.4种结构的平均局部水收集系数与无气膜缝结构相比分别下降了82%，8%，1%和0.5%.此外，吹风比增大会导致前缘最大局部水收集系数和撞击极限的减小变明显，尤其是气膜缝角度为5°结构的水滴撞击特性受吹风比影响最显著.前缘区域局部水收集系数呈现了相似的分布规律；支板后部区域，当吹风比增大到一定程度时，水滴被完全吹除.